Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. [95], In 2011, US Senator John McCain claimed in a visit to Moldova that Moscow is violating the territorial integrity of Moldova and Georgia and one of the "fundamental norms" of "international behavior". [110] As per 2004 census, in the areas controlled by the PMR government, there were 555,347 people, including 177,785 Moldovans (32.1%) 168,678 Russians (30.4%) 160,069 Ukrainians (28.8%) 13,858 Bulgarians (2.5%) 4,096 Gagauzians (0.7%), 1,791 Poles (0.3%), 1,259 Jews (0.2%), 507 Roma (0.1%) and 27,454 others (4.9%).[111]. 12. These villages, along with Varnia and Copanca, near Bender and Tiraspol, are claimed by the PMR. [85] EU and several other countries refused to recognise the referendum results. Although exercising no direct control over the territory of Transnistria, the Moldovan government passed the "Law on Basic Provisions of the Special Legal Status of Localities from the Left Bank of the Dniester" on 22 July 2005, which established part of Transnistria (territory of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic without Bender and without territories, which are under control of Moldova) as an autonomous territorial unit within the Republic of Moldova. In Rbnia District they were a 29.9% minority, and in the city of Tiraspol, they constituted a 15.2% minority of the population. Bulgarians were the fourth largest ethnic group in Transnistria, albeit much less numerous than the three larger ethnicities. largest company in transnistria. Transnistria's economy is frequently described as dependent on contraband[119] and gunrunning. Most television and radio stations and print publication were controlled by Transnistrian authorities, which largely dictated their editorial policies and finance operations. [21] This agreement was implemented after the European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM) took force in 2005. However, no further withdrawal activities have taken place since March 2004 and a further 20,000 tons of ammunition, as well as some remaining military equipment, are still to be removed. Transnistria is a presidential republic. [90] During 20002001, although the CFE Treaty was not fully ratified, to comply with it, Moscow withdrew 125 pieces of Treaty Limited Equipment (TLE) and 60 railway wagons containing ammunition from the Transnistrian region of Moldova. The rankings and market cap data of these companies are updated regularly. About 14% of the population did not declare their nationality. The report also states that the same holds true for the production of such weapons, which is likely to have been carried out in the 1990s, primarily to equip Transnistrian forces. The second-largest European company on the Global 2000, car-maker Volkswagen, has seen its stock shed nearly 16% over the past year. They are situated north and south of the city of Dubsari, which itself is under PMR control. The largest power company Moldavskaya GRES (Cuciurgan power station) is in Dnestrovsc and owned by Inter RAO UES,[140] and the gas transmission and distribution company Tiraspoltransgas is probably controlled by Gazprom, although Gazprom has not confirmed the ownership officially. U.S. Chiinu Airport would likely only ever agree to the possibility of moving employees, officers, and soldiers of the stationed forces. [42], In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of perestroika and glasnost in the Soviet Union allowed political liberalisation at a regional level. [58][59], After the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in March 2014, the head of the Transnistrian parliament asked to join Russia.[60][61][62]. [146], The OSCE mission to Moldova has urged local authorities in the Transnistrian city of Rbnia to return a confiscated building to the Moldovan Latin script school in the city. The localities controlled by Moldova on the eastern bank, the village of Roghi, and the city of Dubsari (situated on the eastern bank and controlled by the PMR) form a security zone along with the six villages and one city controlled by the PMR on the western bank, as well as two (Varnia and Copanca) on the same west bank under Moldovan control. It states the remaining troops are serving as peacekeepers authorised under the 1992 ceasefire, are not in violation of the Istanbul accords and will remain until the conflict is fully resolved. Following the 1991 Soviet coup d'tat attempt, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian SSR declared its independence from the Soviet Union; on 5 November 1991 Transnistria abandoned its socialist ideology and was renamed "Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic".[53]. Transnistria, along with Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Artsakh, is a post-Soviet "frozen conflict" zone. Apple Incorporation's ranking is the second most valuable company globally, following Saudi Aramco in Saudi Arabia, with a $2.332 Trillion. !" In February 2011, it was started again in Vienna. Under the guise of protection of Russia's interests, the special unit's soldiers used to be transferred to areas of conflict - Transnistria, Nagorno-Karabakh, Crimea, Georgia. Tesla began 2022 as the world's fifth largest company by market cap and ended the year in 11th place after their CEO Elon Musk's acquisition of Twitter. Transnistria has warm summers and cool to cold winters. January 30, 2023 Author: Luca Ventura [76] During the 2006 presidential election, the registration of opposition candidate Andrey Safonov was delayed until a few days before the vote, so that he had little time to conduct an election campaign. The largest company in the world can fluctuate day to day, even minute by minute, depending what measurement is used. According to Natalya Gumenyuk, the press secretary of the Ukrainian 'South' Defence Forces, Kyiv has deployed units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine near Transnistria. With 2021 coming to a close, it's time to highlight seven more major companies that rose to the occasion this year. This led to the creation of various informal movements all over the country, and to a rise of nationalism within most Soviet republics. The largest companies by turnover The largest employers in total The most profitable companies TOP LISTS COUNTRY Denmark by turnover Finland by turnover Norway by turnover Sweden by turnover Top lists county Stockholm County Capital Region of Denmark Southern Finland Oslo County The best Nordic search engine gets even better! PMR official statistics show that 91% of the Transnistrian population adhere to Eastern Orthodox Christianity, with 4% adhering to Roman Catholicism. curtis wayne wright jr wife. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 800 400 pixels. [120][121][122][bettersourceneeded] Some commentators, including Zbigniew Brzezinski, have even labelled it a mafia state. [130] The budget for 2008 is US$331million, with an estimated deficit of about US$80million. A ceasefire agreement, signed on 21 July 1992, has held to the present day. Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR),[c] is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as a part of Moldova. Flag of Transnistria (state).svg. International air travellers rely on the airport in Chiinu, the Moldovan capital, or the airport in Odessa, in Ukraine. Russian-occupied Transnistria announces three-month military training for men starting from March 1. It proclaimed its independence on September 2, 1990. With a Gross Domestic Product of over 3.57 trillion Euros, the German economy was by far the largest in Europe in 2021. The company explores for, produces, transports and markets crude oil, natural gas and bitumen for organizations worldwide. [54] In mid-April 1992, under the agreements on the split of the military equipment of the former Soviet Union negotiated between the former 15 republics in the previous months, Moldova created its own Defence Ministry. Tense situations have periodically surfaced due to these territorial disputes, such as in 2005, when Transnistrian forces entered Vasilievca,[73] in 2006 around Varnia, and in 2007 in the Dubsari-Cocieri area, when a confrontation between Moldovan and Transnistrian forces occurred, though without any casualties. [10] Transnistria is officially designated by the Republic of Moldova as the Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester (Romanian: Unitile Administrativ-Teritoriale din stnga Nistrului)[11] or as Stnga Nistrului ("Left Bank of the Dniester"). [55] Starting from 2 March 1992, there was concerted military action between Moldova and Transnistria. The Russian army has a military base, a large ammunition dump and about 1,500 soldiers stationed in Transnistria, stating that they are there as "peacekeepers". [8], According to another source, the largest ethnic groups in 2015 were 161,300 Russians (34%), 156,600 Moldovans (33%), and 126,700 Ukrainians (26.7%). This was announced by the so-called Ministry of Defense of the unrecognised republic. The biggest public companies in the world have a total market cap of over $22.5 trillion, more than a fifth of the global GDP in 2021, according to the World Bank. Jun Nina Shtanski served as Transnistria's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2015; Vitaly Ignatiev[ru] succeeded her as minister. Pages in category "Companies of Transnistria" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. The city is located on the . June 2010 surveys indicated that 13% of Transnistria's population desired the area's reintegration into Moldova in the condition of territorial autonomy, while 46% wanted Transnistria to be part of the Russian Federation.[74]. Between 1929 and 1940, Tiraspol functioned as the capital of the Moldavian ASSR, an autonomous republic that existed from 1924 to 1940 within the Ukrainian SSR. In 1924, the Moldavian ASSR was proclaimed within the Ukrainian SSR; the ASSR included today's Transnistria (4,100km2, 1,600sqmi) and an area (4,200km2, 1,600sqmi) to the northeast around the city of Balta, but nothing from Bessarabia, which at the time formed part of Romania. The turnover of Volvo. Moldovans were the largest ethnic group, representing an overall majority in the two districts in the central Transnistria (Dubsari District, 50.2%, and Grigoriopol District, 64.8%) a 47.8% relative majority in the northern Camenca District, and a 41.5% relative majority in the southern (Slobozia District). The most influential Transnistrian company is Sheriff. The rankings and market cap data of these companies are updated regularly. Over the course of two days, 67 July 1949, a plan named "Operation South" saw the deportation of over 11,342 families by order of the Moldavian Minister of State Security, Iosif Mordovets. The Japanese carmaker is one of only two Asian firms to make it into the top 20 transnational companies by assets; Honda, another carmaker, ranks 19th. Volunteers, including Cossacks, came from Russia to help the separatist side. [94], In a NATO resolution on 18 November 2008, Russia was urged to withdraw its military presence from the "Transdnestrian region of Moldova". The major centre of Bulgarians in Transnistria is the large village of Parcani (situated between the cities of Tiraspol and Bender), which had an absolute Bulgarian majority and a total population of around 10,000. [89] However, even after 2002, the Russian parliament did not ratify the Istanbul accords. As of May 2022, Apple has a $2.223 Trillion market capitalization and is considered one of the largest companies, with 516 retail stores and around 147,000 employees. largest company in transnistria. Of these, 439,243 lived in Transnistria itself, and 116,104 lived in localities controlled by the PMR government, but formally belonging to other districts of Moldova: the city of Bender (Tighina), the communes of Proteagailovca, Gsca, Chicani, Cremenciug, and the village of Roghi of commune Molovata Nou. [141], According to a 2006 U.S. Department of State report:[142]. [137] In the early 2000s over 50% of the export went to the CIS, mainly to Russia, but also to Belarus, Ukraine, and Moldova (which Transnistrian authorities consider foreign). Transnistria has been recognised only by three other unrecognised or partially recognised breakaway states: Abkhazia, Artsakh and South Ossetia. Royal Dutch Shell Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR), is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as a part of Moldova.Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldovan-Ukrainian border, as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank.Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. [81][82], A list published by the European Union bans travel to the EU for some members of the Transnistrian leadership.[83]. It is included in Forbes' list of America's Best Banks 2021 and the Just 100 Companies 2021 that features both private and public companies that practice responsible capitalism. Number of employees: 18,700+. Following a large scale privatisation process in the late 1990s,[117] most of the companies in Transnistria are now privately owned. Total revenue of the company in 2019 (in millions of dollars): 71,154. For Western European companies, Transnistria also became interesting as a textile producer offering low labor and production costs. junio 12, 2022. cottage for sale in timmins on . Following the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the Russian 14th Army left 40,000 tons of weaponry and ammunition in Transnistria. Most Bulgarians in Transnistria are Bessarabian Bulgarians, descendants of expatriates who settled in Bessarabia in the 18th19th century. ; 2 Bendery - Inside the Moldovan territory with a beautiful fortress to its north. According to the 2006 referendum, carried out by the PMR government, 97.2% of the population voted in favour of "independence from Moldova and free association with Russia". In July 2005 the Transnistrian Supreme Council amended the election code to prohibit media controlled by the Transnistrian authorities from publishing results of polls and forecasts related to elections. ABCorp is a world leader in providing secure payment and retail cards, visa, vital record and transaction documents, systems and services to government and financial institutions, and is one of the largest producers of plastic transaction cards in the world. Moldova and the Dniestr Region: Contest Past, Frozen Present, Speculative Futures? The GDP increased by 11.1% and inflation rate was 19.3% with the GDP per capita now being $2,140, higher than Moldova's GDP per capita that is $2,040. [143], According to a US Department of State report for 2006, "Both of the region's major newspapers were controlled by the authorities. The Russian government denied the claims. [77][78] Some sources consider election results suspect. We're bringing the voice of Ukraine to the world. [117] The CIS accounted for over 60% of the imports, while the share of the EU was about 23%. Shortly afterwards, a military conflict between the two parties started in March 1992 and concluded with a ceasefire in July that year. "Interfax", Moscow, in Russian, 0850 gmt, 7 July 2004, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, must be registered with the Moldovan authorities, European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine, Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Disputed status of Transnistria: Territorial issues, Learn how and when to remove this template message, the road from Tiraspol to Rbnia through Dubsari, partially recognised or unrecognised states, International recognition of Transnistria, Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, armed forces and the paramilitary of Transnistria, Romanian-language schools in Transnistria, List of active separatist movements in Europe, " ", "Hopes Rise in Transnistria of a Russian Annexation", "On the situation of Russian schools in Moldova", "Law of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic on the Functioning of Languages on the Territory of the Moldavian SSR", "Russian language in Moldova could lose their status ( )", "352 DE MII DE LOCUITORI DIN REGIUNEA TRANSNISTREAN DEIN CETENIA REPUBLICII MOLDOVA I 362 DE MII FIGUREAZ N REGISTRUL DE STAT AL POPULAIEI", "An aided economy. "From secessionist conflict toward a functioning state: processes of state-and nation-building in Transnistria. The urbanisation rate was 69.9%. Transnistria has its own central bank, the Transnistrian Republican Bank, which issues its national currency, the Transnistrian rubla. [101] In that prelude, similar unattributed clashes happened in Donbas in February 2022: Ukraine denied being involved in those incidents and called them a false flag operation as well. As of 2009[update] the population of Transnistria comprised about 555,000 people. [131], In 2004, Transnistria had debts of US$1.2billion (two-thirds are with Russia) that was per capita about six times higher than in Moldova (without Transnistria). [65] Transnistrians may have dual, triple or even quadruple citizenship of internationally recognised countries, including: There are unsettled border issues between Transnistria and Moldova. The 1992 cease-fire agreement between Moldova and Transnistria established a Russian "peacekeeper" presence in Transnistria and a 1,200-member Russian military contingent is present in Transnistria. According to the decree of its creation, most of the 14th Guards Army's military equipment was to be retained by Moldova. In 2007, foreign experts working on behalf of the United Nations said that the historically low levels of transparency and continued denial of full investigations to international monitors have reinforced negative perceptions of the Transnistrian government, although recent co-operation by Transnistrian authorities may have reflected a shift in the attitude of Transnistria. Despite a 30% tax increase in 2007, the pension fund is still lacking money and emergency measures must be taken. The Romanian administration of Transnistria attempted to stabilise the situation in the area under Romanian control, implementing a process of Romanianization. The Yedinstvo (Unity) Movement, established by the Slavic population of Moldova, pressed for equal status to be given to both Russian and Moldovan. [147], In November 2005 Ion Iovcev, the principal of a Romanian-language school in Transnistria and active advocate for human rights as well as a critic of the Transnistrian leadership, received threatening calls that he attributed to his criticism of the separatist regime. A cafe in Transnistria called Back in the USSR (MEE/Andrei Popoviciu) Tiraspol announced earlier this year its highest ever trade turnover with Russia of more than $820 million. The former Soviet 14th Guards Army entered the conflict in its final stage, opening fire against Moldovan forces;[55] approximately 700 people were killed. C Cuciurgan power station G Gazprombank (Transnistria) I Intercentre Lux Interdnestrcom K KVINT M Moldova Steel Works S Sheriff (company) T Tiraspoltransgas Tirotex [17][18][19][20] Its authorities have adopted a constitution, flag, national anthem, and coat of arms. Transnistria-Ukraine relations is the bilateral relationship between the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic (commonly known as Transnistria) . [115] In 2007, the US-based Christian Broadcasting Network denounced the persecution of Protestants in Transnistria. The human rights record of Transnistria has been criticised by several governments and international organisations.[which?] The characteristics of the Transnistrian economic model", "Moldova. " ", Council Decision 2006/96/CFSP of 14 February 2006 implementing Common Position 2004/179/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against the leadership of the Transnistrian region of the Republic of Moldova, "Transnistrian Communist Party leader released on probation", Moldova Strategic Conflict Assessment (SCA), "Valeri Litskai: A situation based on pressure and threats cannot be considered favorable for the revival of contacts", "Russia's humanitarian assistance is a planned propagandist action, Chiinu claims", "Russian troops in Transnistria a threat to the security of the Republic of Moldova", Institute of Political and Military Studies, Chiinu, Moldova, NATO must recognize Russia's compliance with Istanbul accords, "Russian Troops In Transnistria Squeezed By Ukraine And Moldova", "McCain Backs Demand For Russian Troop Withdrawal From Transdniester", "Ukraine blocked Russian contingent to Transnistria (Moldova)", "With Russia Boxed In, Frozen Transdniester Conflict Could Heat Up", "La Tiraspol, faci pucrie, dac negi "rolul pozitiv" al armatei ruse", "Transnistria denies preparing to join Russia's war with Ukraine", "Russia is preparing a pretext for invading Ukraine: US official", "Russia says it prevented border breach from Ukraine, Kyiv calls it fake news", "Russia says crippled warship to be towed back to port, as Ukraine claims missile hit", "Moldauische Konfliktregion Transnistrien meldet Explosionen", "Law enforcement and armed forces of Pridnestrovie", " 2015 ", " 2017 ", Trends in Europe and North America (Explanatory Notes), "Official data from 2004 census and comparison with the 1989 census, by Olvia Press", "World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples Transnistria (unrecognised state): Overview", "Christians Face Abuse from Corrupt Regime", ": - ", "Fear, football and torture undercover in Transnistria", "MOLDOVA: SITUATION ANALYSIS AND TREND ASSESSMENT", Queremos zonas de libre comercio tanto al Este como hacia el Oeste, "Privatization will solve the budget problem", " : ", "Shevchuk answering a question about 2007 Transnistrian budget", "Shevchuk explaining that the economic situation is not critical", " 2020 ", "Moldova: Separatist Transnistria Region Reorienting Trade from Russia to EU", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2006, Statement by the Ministry of Education, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, on the question of children's educational rights insurance, "Several Transnistrian officials were banned from traveling through EU", "Singurul liceu cu predare n limba romn din Tiraspol, forat s i suspende activitatea pentru 3 luni", "Western Diplomats Say Reports Of Smuggling From Transdniester Likely Exaggerated", UNDP: 2006 Small arms and light weapons survey of Moldova. She revealed this information on Monday, February 27, to the Rada TV channel. [31] These names are adaptations of the Romanian colloquial name of the region, Transnistria, meaning "beyond the Dniester River". Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Company) went public barely two years back in 2019, and it is the world's second-largest company with a market cap of 2.206 Trillion dollars. See: "Postanovlenie verkhovnogo soveta Pridnestrovskoi Moldavskoi Respubliki ob izmenenii nazvaniia respubliki,". After a 2005 agreement between Moldova and Ukraine, all Transnistrian companies that seek to export goods through the Ukrainian border must be registered with the Moldovan authorities. The United States, the European Union, and the OSCE approved the Ukrainian move, while Russia saw it as a means of political pressure. However, the Moldovan/Ukrainian block remains in place and holds up progress in status settlement negotiations between the sides. [43] The most prominent of these movements was the Popular Front of Moldova.